Collection of data pertaining to chemical storage and handling from identified industries. Collection of resource data in terms of fire fighting equipment and stocks, Personal Protective Equipment PPE , transportation facilities, etc.
Collection of data on resources available with government authorities such as police, fire and medical departments 6. Collection of spatial data with the help of GPS handsets for chemical industries, first responders — police, fire and medical and sensitive areas such schools, cinemas, etc.
Identification and procurement of SOI toposheets for the study area 8. Geo-referencing and Digitization of toposheets 9. Chemical accident simulation using computer models for all the identified chemical accident scenarios. Development of front-end menu-driven software linking spatial data, scenario templates, industry data, resource data and response information data sheets RIDS for each chemical.
These MAH units are often found in clusters located within notified Industrial estates though some are outside in isolated locations. To manage chemical emergencies arising out of hazardous material releases from such clusters of MAH units requires great planning and co-ordination between several agencies simultaneously. The response to possible chemical emergencies is a subject of great concern to the nodal ministry for co-ordination of chemical emergencies, namely the Ministry of Environment and Forests MoEF , Government of India.
These 14 states comprise those with the bulk of MAH industries in the country. To cover the surroundings of MAH industries in these districts, the corresponding toposheets were procured for complete coverage: First responders i.
Chief Inspector of factories at state level maintain a list of such factories in their states and such industries in short listed districts were identified based on the latest data maintained by them. Database Design Database design were undertaken to facilitate data storage and for easy retrieval. Data of all the chemical industries, their chemicals and resources; data of first responders, data of sensitive areas; data on output of computer models in terms of.
All the information required for developing the package were collected through visit to the identified industries so that first hand, factual and correct data is collected. Information related to handling of hazardous chemicals, their storage and processing conditions, quantities, safety measures, etc. A separate section of the questionnaire dealt with the information on resources available with the industries to manage chemical accidents.
Such resources mainly include fire fighting equipment and stocks, spill control equipment, PPEs, etc. Resource Data from Government Authorities For any chemical accident, police, fire and medical services at local level are considered to be first responders.
Therefore it is important to collect data in terms of their location and resources available with them for emergency planning. Separate questionnaires were developed to collect resource data and their contact information for local authorities. Based on the location of MAH industries, police stations, fire stations, government and private hospitals in the vicinity were identified and data was collected from them through the questionnaire.
Such data include the number and type of fire tenders, PPEs, etc. Such data was collected through physical survey of the area using handheld GPS instrument. Procurement, Geo-referencing and Digitization of toposheets All the required toposheets were procured, scanned, digitized and mosaiced to create district wise profile as shown in fig.
Geo-referencing was done for synchronization of vector and raster data for authentication. Data sets were compiled chemical wise along with their quantities and storage conditions. Based on the characteristics of the chemicals various possible Maximum Credible Loss MCL scenarios were listed and computer simulation was carried for such scenarios.
Whenever multiple offsite scenarios are present, the model would provide predetermined hazard zones chemical wise. The MCLs are mainly worked out for the storage scenarios and also for process scenarios, if necessary. This allow highly realistic hazard zone mapping depending upon the wind conditions at the time of incident.
Computer modeling has been done for all the hazardous chemicals stored at the MAH units so that vulnerable zone for each chemical is delineated under different combinations of meteorological conditions. Whenever multiple offsite scenarios are present, the model provides hazard zones chemical wise. The MCLs are mainly worked out for the storage scenarios and process scenarios.
The computer model provides complete interactivity to emergency management authorities to find the actual hazard zone and how it can change with time and meteorological conditions, by minimum data input. This Vulnerable Zone data is mapped onto the base map both as text in box and also graphically, to allow visual display. Development of Front-end Menu-driven Software 8 To provide the user friendliness to the whole package, a front-end menu driven software has been developed in visual basic using Map Objects interface.
It has been designed and customized keeping in mind the type of information required by the response agencies at district emergency control centers and also the skill level of the expected users at the district and state level. With these objectives, following section details the options available to users for accessing the desired information.
The package has been provided with a password to prevent unauthorized use. MAH, first responders, amenities and sensitive areas, villages, etc. These also include the scanned SOI toposheets for each district. The menu-driven software provides option for selecting the MAH unit from the drop down list of MAH units in the district. Once the unit has been selected, all its information such as address, name of contact persons, telephone numbers, nature of activity, major hazardous chemicals handled, resources in terms of medical, fire fighting, PPEs, and vehicles available can be viewed.
Simultaneously, its location will start blinking on the base map. The user can also draw a circle as the zone of interest and obtain a list of MAH units falling in that zone. Again the user can select the MAH unit from the list to get complete information as given above.
Accessing Data on Response Agencies Police, Fire and Medical services are the first responders in a chemical emergency situation. Prompt availability of data on these responders is crucial in rendering first response.
Clicking on the desired police station will provide user with the contact information of the police station and simultaneously its location will also be highlighted on the base map. Its location will also be highlighted on the base map. As for above cases, location will be highlighted on the base map. Accessing Data on Amenities and Sensitive Areas These are a special set of locations, which either serve as resource points during a chemical emergency or serve a large number of people and may therefore be particularly vulnerable during such an event.
Such locations have been identified in each district especially those located close to the MAH units. Information on their location can also be obtained from the software menu. Response Information Data Sheets RIDS The software provides separate tool for accessing response information on each of the identified chemicals for every district.
RIDS provide complete information about the particular chemical properties such as its physical and chemical properties, fire hazards and fire fighting measures, health hazards and PPEs, etc. RIDS is available under the help button, the user can select the desired hazardous chemical from the list available and view its complete information. The user can also access RIDS by double clicking the desired chemical under chemical information of any industry. Planning Tool for Response to Chemical Accident This is a very powerful tool for strategic planning and resource identification for responding to chemical accidents.
Three types of accidents have been envisaged viz. Once the Unit has been selected based on above procedure, the user can go to its chemical information and select the concerned chemical.
Double clicking the chemical will provide him with complete information about that particular chemical. Taking an example of ethylene oxide, which has the potential of all three types of accidents, clicking on fire will give user the fatality zone radius and injury zone radius in meters surrounding the chemical storage. Similarly selecting the explosion scenario will also give him results of fatality zone radius and injury zone radius surrounding the storage.
In both these cases it will draw two concentric circles inner one for fatality zone and outer for injury zone on the base maps with concerned MAH units at its center as shown in fig. You can choose whether to allow people to download your original PowerPoint presentations and photo slideshows for a fee or free or not at all. Check out PowerShow. There is truly something for everyone! Related More from user.
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